Disability Fashion Models With Scholarly Article
Rehabilitation medicine
Protocol
The role of wear in participation of persons with a physical inability: a scoping review protocol
Abstruse
Introduction Clothing is an important aspect of near all human societies from performing social and cultural functions to indicating social condition, a form of protection and a way for self-expression. Information technology tin can assist or hinder the ability to fulfil everyday activities and social roles and with the rising industry of wear technologies, smart textiles are adding health-monitoring functions to clothing. The influence that clothing tin can accept on the life of someone with a concrete disability is significant, and further research is needed to understand it ameliorate. To achieve this, a scoping review will be performed with the aim of understanding the role of clothing in participation (ie, at home, in the customs, etc) of individuals with a concrete disability. This article presents the protocol and procedure to be adopted.
Methods and analysis An in-depth iterative assay of the scientific literature from six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO and ERIC) every bit well as a hand search of grey literature and reference lists will be performed. After an abstract and full-text review of references by three reviewers independently, data from the selected articles will be tabulated and synthesised with a qualitative and quantitative approach using the International Classification of Functioning, Inability and Health as a unifying conceptual framework. A multidisciplinary consultation grouping of experts from various stakeholder groups volition exist involved in multiple steps to ensure validation and relevance of the data.
Ethics and dissemination Equally this is a review involving analysis of data available in the public domain and does not involve human participants, ethical blessing was not required. Results will exist presented in a co-synthetic format with the adept consultation group to ensure validity and maximise its practicality moving forward. Our dissemination programme includes peer-reviewed publications, presentations and stakeholder meetings.
- rehabilitation medicine
- musculoskeletal disorders
This is an Open Access article distributed in accord with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC Past-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, suit, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. Meet: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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- rehabilitation medicine
- musculoskeletal disorders
Strengths and limitations of this study
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Experts from each stakeholder grouping are actively engaged in the formulation and validation of the study's methods and results.
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The search strategy will include 6 databases covering the domains of rehabilitation, medicine, psychology and education as well as a wide range of grey literature sources.
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This written report will be limited to publications in English language and French and published within a specified menses.
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As in other scoping reviews, there is no formal assessment of the quality of studies included.
Introduction
To vesture habiliment (ie, fibre/material textile) is a custom of nearly all homo societies. Besides fulfilling a range of social and cultural functions, wearable tin can be used to signal social status and convey individual, occupational, and sexual differentiation. In many societies where individuals have the choice of what they habiliment, clothing can act equally a course of adornment and provide an expression of self, personal taste and style.ane More recently, the rise of technological industries has induced many innovative ideas towards modifying and adding function to everyday apparel. For example, article of clothing engineering science (ie, smart/intelligent textiles) is now existence used for sports grooming information acquisition and health monitoring of vital signs of the wearer (eg, heart rate, respiration charge per unit, temperature, action and posture).2 In parallel to this emerging technological field, ideas within rehabilitation have also advanced whereby service providers and service users can play equally important roles in finding solutions or methods for persons with a disability to experience a more positive day-to-day life. Furthermore, social club also has a part in optimising social inclusion and participation of people with a physical disability (eg, changing attitudes, eliminating barriers, enhancing credence). Undeniably, clothing is important in everyone'south life; it tin help or hinder the accomplishment of an individual's everyday activities and the fulfilment of social roles. With this understanding, the influential role clothing can have is significant in the life of someone with a disability.
The WHO defines disability as an umbrella term for impairments, activeness limitations, and participation restrictions.iii Numerous health weather, diagnosed or self-reported, can arise from mental, physical, cognitive and other impairments in either a temporary or permanent country. One in seven people worldwide feel a disability, and with the ageing population, too as an increase in chronic atmospheric condition, this number continues to rise.4 One of the many challenges in rehabilitation is that 'living with disability is a process of constant change and constant adjustment'.5 Although independently, clothing design, vesture technologies and rehabilitation are fields that have grown immensely over the years, there is a dearth of inquiry at the point where they intersect. The application of cloth enhancements or modifications has been well documented particularly in sports garments; however, it is unclear to what extent clothing tin can play a office in participation of persons with a physical disability. Moreover, the existing literature at the intersection of clothing and participation (divers beneath) appears to be too scattered to obtain a comprehensive portrayal of the underlying issues. Therefore, the authors propose using a scoping review as a systematic arroyo to address this topic.
Scoping studies have been presented as a fashion to comprehensively review the available literature covering a broad area of research,half-dozen such every bit habiliment, participation and persons with a physical disability in this example. Furthermore, it is a quick and accessible way to study an nether-researched domain with the part of keywords. The aim of this scoping review is to map, using the conceptual framework described beneath, the land of the noesis (telescopic, depth, key themes and gaps) of the function of clothing (eg, facilitators, barriers) in participation of people with a physical disability, as reported in the scientific and grey literature.
Conceptual framework
The aim of the International Classification of Operation, Inability and Health (ICF) published by the WHO in 2001 is to provide a unified and standard language and framework, and to describe health and health-related states such as didactics and labour. Moreover, this framework highlights the 'interactive relationship between health atmospheric condition and contextual factors' (p6),7 and allows professionals of varying disciplines (ie, occupational therapy, fabrication industries, policy makers, researchers, general public, etc) to communicate using a shared understanding and common linguistic communication surrounding the field of functioning, disability and health. As our global health conditions increase in complexity, the ICF can facilitate more efficient and effective cross-field of study and cross-continent collaboration. The ICF consists of two parts: (1) functioning and disability, and (two) contextual factors, each of which has two components (1a) body functions and torso structures and (1b) activities and participation and (2a) environmental factors and (2b) personal factors. The first three components have several chapters and alphanumerical reference codes to aid in creating a systematic coding scheme across sectors, practices and countries. Even so, personal factors (ie, gender, race, lifestyle, behaviour, style) is 'not classified in ICF because of the large social and cultural variances associated with them' (p8).3 Body functions and structures focus on the physiological functions and anatomical office of the body and its systems while activities and participation refer to the execution of a specific task or action in a standardised environment or the involvement of the individual in a life situation, respectively, from both an private and societal perspective. The intended accent of this scoping review is to evaluate the category of participation. This includes, for case, dressing, driving, cooking, etc, in i's natural (current) environment (ie, home, customs, etc). Although criticisms and ongoing propositions to better the ICF exist,eight–10 the bio-psychosocial approach in the ICF is a pace frontward and serves as a promising and inclusive conceptual framework for research in rehabilitation.eleven For these reasons, the ICF will be used to provide structure12 to the results of this scoping review. Consideration will also be given to other models or frameworks (eg, social model of disability) as deemed advisable.
Methods and analysis
This scoping review will follow the five-step methodological framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley6 and will add together the optional 6th step proposed by Levacet al xiii primarily for methodological rigour. The six steps are defined as follows: (ane) identifying the research question, (ii) identifying relevant studies, (3) report choice, (4) charting the data, (five) collecting, summarising and reporting the results and (6) consultation. The specifics of how each step will be undertaken in the context of this research topic are explained below.
Stride ane: identifying the inquiry question
Although the explorative nature of a scoping review allows the research question to be modified throughout its subsequent steps, a well-defined starting point is necessary. The following research question was established: What is the role of clothing in participation among persons with a physical disability? This research question will continue to be refined every bit the authors become more informed on the state of the literature and as potential nuances ascend.
Step two: identifying relevant studies
This enquiry topic spans multiple areas of involvement such every bit, rehabilitation, pedagogy, psychology, and pattern. To map a comprehensive picture of this multidisciplinary literature, the research strategy volition remain inclusive. Every bit a result, six databases were identified (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO and ERIC) with the assistance of a university librarian with expertise in the field of rehabilitation and volition be searched for relevant scientific articles. Adapted article of clothing and wearable technologies are relatively new concepts and have only recently fabricated it into the research and societal vocabulary. Moreover, technological advances quickly outdate their predecessors. Therefore, a restriction of literature dating between 1990 and 2017 will be practical to let for ample room in finding past studies while staying relevant to the needs, challenges and resources available to today's society. In add-on to the six inquiry databases, a hand search of grey literature and reference lists will also be performed. Grey literature will be collected by specifying a date on which a Google search will be performed using like keywords as used with the scientific databases. The outset four pages of this search, besides as any material collected from team members up until a pre-determined appointment, will be considered. Both English and French publications will be retained every bit inclusion criteria since the authors are proficient in both languages. Nevertheless, we admit that filtering out other languages will exist a limitation of the study. Article of clothing choices and dressing of younger children may too involve parents, which could be subject to some other review. Therefore, our study targets individuals 14 years and older and literature involving children (<14 years) will be omitted. This determination was also made for logistical reasons and to maintain consistency in the historic period of subjects beyond all components of a larger project (which involves interviews where individuals aged fourteen and older may consent to participate). This scoping review is the offset and an essential part of the larger projection. Keywords covering variations of 'physical disability' and 'clothing' will exist used. In the event that an unreasonable amount of non-pertinent articles are retrieved, the keywords will be re-assessed and modified accordingly. Although 'participation' is in the ICF classification, the scientific literature has not still completely adopted this terminology. Every bit such, and to be more inclusive and to avoid excluding pertinent articles, this keyword volition non exist included in the initial database searches just introduced in steps iv and five of the scoping review. The specific search strategy for each database will be defined in accordance with the to a higher place inclusion criteria and with the assistance of the same university librarian. All terms will be searched in the championship, abstract and keywords (where applicable) fields for each database.
Step 3: study selection
The process of selecting manufactures to include in the last results of the scoping review will take place over three stages: duplicate direction, title and abstruse review, and full-text review. In accordance with the iterative nature of a scoping review, if whatsoever clarifications fabricated at 1 of the three study-selection stages would have had an upshot on an before stage, the authors will return and review again as necessary to ensure compliance. First, all references volition exist imported and merged using reference managing software (Endnote V.X7.7.i). Later on flagging and removing duplicates, AE, BS and FP (coauthors) volition each review ane-third of all titles and abstracts for relevance. In the example of any uncertainties, a give-and-take among authors volition be conducted until a consensus is reached. Afterwards all titles and abstracts are either accepted or rejected, a process of retrieving and reviewing the total texts will be undertaken. At the full-text review stage, 10 to 20 articles at a time will be distributed to each author in a way that ii authors review each commodity. Similar to the abstract-review stage, each author will independently rate the article as accepted, rejected or unsure if it aligns or does not align with the research question and the defined option criteria. Once completed, the authors volition run into and discuss their choices, clarify whatever discrepancies and adjust the inclusion and exclusion criteria equally necessary. Earlier discussions, a kappa (κ) statistic will be calculated for each pair of the authors' reviews to statistically judge inter-rater agreement. This process of reviewing articles and group discussions will continue until the authors are confident in the option criteria and a mean κ>0.75 is reached (0.40<κ>0.59=fair, 0.60<κ>0.74=practiced, κ>0.75=splendid agreement).14 After which, AE will be the sole reviewer on the remaining total-text articles.
Pace 4: charting the data
Data from the accustomed articles later on the full-text review stage volition exist extracted and tabulated into categories that best reflect the important information in relation to the research question. An initial data extraction grade volition exist developed using the concepts, linguistic communication, and when useful, codes adamant from the ICF. Basic categories, such as authors and year of publication, type of study, aim of study, type and number of participants, and blazon of clothing will also be included. Borrowing from step three of the scoping review, this data extraction form will exist used by two authors independently commencing with a proportion (about x%) of the articles followed by group discussions, which will allow for an evaluation and validation of the data extraction methods, or more specifically, the data extraction form. The extraction form is anticipated to evolve every bit articles are read and categories will be added, removed and/or adjusted as necessary.
Step 5: collecting, summarising and reporting the results
Aggregating and conveying findings is the crux of a scoping review whereby the results are linked to broader implications and have tangible meaning for futurity inquiry, policy and practise.13 As specified in the aim of this study, the scope, depth, primal themes and gaps in the literature nearly the role of clothing in participation of persons with a physical disability will exist the principal focus of this step. Inspired by Arksey and O'Malley,half-dozen a framework with both quantitative and qualitative metrics will be presented. Quantitative analyses will include a numerical clarification of the year of publication, written report designs, study populations, type of habiliment (eg, footwear, undergarments, wintertime coats), targeted (or not) ICF categories and others. By looking at these frequencies lone, sure gaps in the literature tin can be determined; notwithstanding, it may be inadequate for understanding the complete film. Therefore, a thematic analysis using the ICF equally a basis will be a qualitative addition and enable u.s.a. to illustrate the multidirectional relationship between health and health-related domains and clothing design. Furthermore, it will provide a better understanding of the dynamic interaction that exists at the junction between contextual factors (ie, environment and personal) and their influence on article of clothing. Past presenting the scoping review results through quantitative and qualitative means a faithful overview of the literature will exist reported.
Footstep 6: consultation
The consultation team used in this study comprises 12 professionals spanning various sectors (ie, wellness, design, manufacturing industry, health technology, rehabilitation and psychology). The team brings together 6 researchers, iii representatives from the way industry (new engineering, design, business development, innovation), ii postdoctoral fellows, and an agile person living with a spinal string injury. The team's expertise covers inquiry in occupational therapy, physiotherapy, capturing cease-user needs related to rehabilitation engineering, knowledge of scoping reviews, psychology and behaviour, understanding of social participation and quality of life of all age groups, innovative pattern processes and product development, smart textiles and intervention evaluation. Experience with a variety of inquiry methods also exists within the squad, namely, qualitative, quantitative, personal experience and use of the ICF. In addition, each individual was brought together for his or her unique stakeholder perspective related to this research topic.
Although Levacet al 13 proposes the consultation step every bit a necessary concluding step, when designing this report the authors considered it imperative for the skilful consultation team to be integrated at multiple points throughout the process due to the originality of the subject and limited research performed to date. A schematic overview of the methodology for this scoping review tin can be seen in figure ane. Three fourth dimension points were pinpointed for consultation: footstep one—identifying the research question, step iv—charting the data and stride vi—consultation. The goal of the offset consultation was to create an initial enquiry question that could exist understood by and respond to all sectors involved (ie, rehabilitation, industry, customer). The goal of the second consultation will exist to validate the correct placement of data extracted from articles into the ICF categories in the information extraction course. The terminal stride of the scoping review is a synthesis of knowledge either as recommendations or some other suitable format for hereafter research, for clinical practice and/or to pattern principles. The goal of the last consultation will exist to validate the results and co-construct the last document for dissemination. This integrated study design volition enable the results to be translated into a worthwhile medium for all stakeholders surrounding this specific research question. For case, these results could inform the pattern of future clothing and ultimately ameliorate the participation of persons with a concrete inability.
Ideals and dissemination
Institutional ideals approving is unnecessary for the secondary analysis of published literature, and consultations volition occur by means of breezy exchanges in person and electronically inside the enquiry squad. The scoping study results will be disseminated in the context of local, national and international activities. These activities may include but are non limited to, conferences, published articles, events in academic and not-academic settings, and by ways of the multidisciplinary research/consultation team to the advisable noesis users (eg, clinicians, clothing designers, etc).
Determination
The scoping review protocol outlined in this article volition bring together diverse sources of noesis nigh the role of habiliment in participation of persons with a physical disability. The standardised language and conceptual framework provided past the ICF will tie together the thin and varied literature and help identify the scope, depth, fundamental themes and gaps that exist. This meaningful synthesis of the literature will pave the manner for future research and establish next steps in each of the stakeholder groups for this emerging and under-represented field.
References
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© Article writer(due south) (or their employer(south) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial employ is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Admission article distributed in accord with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC By-NC iv.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, accommodate, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on unlike terms, provided the original piece of work is properly cited and the use is not-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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